Family in Dead Poet’s Society’s Neil Perry

Neal Perry is one of the major characters in the Peter Weir 1989 film Dead Poet’s Society which starred Robin Williams as Professor John Keating who inspired the lives of his students at Welton Academy. Actor Robert Sean Leonard portrays Neal Perry and plays as a pressured student who is passionate about theatre. In this film, family plays a large role in the development of the plot and the characters in the film most especially Neil Perry’s family who later can be assumed as the reason for Neil’s suicide. His parents are presented in the film as the typical aristocrats who hold themselves responsible for their child’s future career. Mr. Perry is a father who dictates what he and his wife think is the best for Neil without considering his interests. Clearly, this puts Neil in a very frustrating situation as he struggles to pursue his dreams and please his parents. Her mother who at some point can be regarded as softer than his father, she also contributes to the pressure being put upon Neil. They want him to become a doctor someday which reveals that they want him to be in a profession where there is a stable income. Being an actor clearly does not appeal to them as the profession does not always provide stability. Also, it can be assumed that Neil’s parents are also dictated by the society around. They are also victims of conformity who want to establish their reputation in the higher class of their society. John Keating, the English professor of Neil Perry has definitely influenced his way of thinking. Mr. Keating inspired him to â€Å"Seize the day† and pursue his dreams despite the dictates of his family or society. Neil responds to this by pursuing a role in William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. He does so without the consent of his parents. However, the move just worsens his situation as he is instructed to leave Welton to enter a military school. Apparently, Neil believes he had had enough of his parents’ dictates in his life that he finally resorts to suicide. In Neil’s situation, it is quite hard to determine whether it is Mr. Keating’s teachings that led him to taking his life. What Mr. Keating intends to teach is non-conformity—for students to practice freedom and pursue their dreams for their own fulfillment. For this matter, it can be assumed that Neil would not have taken suicide if he had not met Mr. Keating. It is Mr. Keating who taught him to pursue his dreams no matter what and his act of taking the role of Puck in A Midsummer Night’s Dream led his parents to have him quit school for military. Before Mr. Keating, Neil has always been the obedient child who always followed his parent’s orders. Without Mr. Keating, he would not have auditioned for the character role for it would be disobedience to his parents. Without Mr. Keating, he would probably be still stuck in the medicine field too weak to stand up for his own and defend himself to his parents. He would not have known freedom and would still have conformed to the rules of his family and society. His passion in acting would not have been ignited by Mr. Keating’s teachings. Clearly, Mr. Keating has influenced his way of thinking that led him to become more frustrated in life. However, suicide is not acceptabl e as the only way out. With Mr. Keating’s teachings of non-conformity, Neil could have pursued his dreams by himself and detach himself from his tyrannical parents. He could have made a living of his own by accepting acting roles. In addition, he could have asked Mr. Keating for help. Mr. Keating could have talked to his parents and convinced them that their son is not a machine that they could run by themselves. He needs to have a life of his won. There are a lot of other ways to solve his predicament without him taking his life. Clearly, his parents have become too much of a burden for him emotionally that a boy of his intelligence was unable to think straight in such a hard time. In this film, the purpose of one’s family is given emphasis as the major supporter of one’s life. Neil Perry has lost all the support that he needs when his parents forced him into things that he does not want to do. His family is unable to understand his passion which creates a discrepancy in his way of living that he resorts to suicide. One’s family is as important as the air that we breathe. Living without their support can clearly make life miserable in ways that it makes life feel unworthy.

Music

List the three different types of families that are emerging in the new millennium. Answer: The types of families emerging in the new millennium consist of law marriages, single mothers and fathers, blended families, same-sex parents, and grandparents fulfilling the role of parents to their grandchildren. 2. What are the four ways to protect a cohabitation partner in the event on partner dies? Answer: The four ways to protect a cohabitation partner in the event one partner dies are to prepare a will, own property Jointly, create a power of attorney, and prepare a deiced living will. . What are two of the reasons sociologists have given for the rise in the divorce rate? Answer: Two of the reasons sociologists have given for the rise in the divorce rate are that some are Just dissatisfied with the marriage, or spousal abuse. 4. What are some of the benefits married couples enjoy that cohabitation couples don't? Answer: Some of the benefits married couples enjoy that cohabitation couple s don't are that they are legally recognized being married by the government. 5. How many states allow same sex marriages? Answer: As of 2014, there are 17 tastes with legal same-sex marriage.Critical Thinking Questions 1. A big debate is raging in both the religious and political arenas regarding same sex marriages. Do you think that If people choose to be committed together, they are entitled to be recognized as a married couple? Why or why not? Answer: Yes. If people choose to be committed together, they should be entitled to be recognized as a married couple regardless If It's a homosexual couple or a heterosexual couple. Homosexual couples are no different than heterosexual couples and, therefore, would have the right to marry and be legally considered a married couple. . Why do you think preventing spousal abuse and domestic abuse should be a concern of the government? Do you think It should? Answer: Domestic and spousal abuse should be a concern of the government because It I s their responsibility to provide protection from such things. 3. Do you think cohabitation couples should be entitled to the same legal benefits as those who have a marriage license? Answer: Yes, cohabitation couples should be entitled the same legal benefits as those who have a marriage license. . Leona Helmsmen left her millions to her 9 year old dog.She was legally sane at the time-and ran her businesses and corporations until the day she died. Do you think she had the legal right to do what she wanted with her money, or was the Judge In the case within his rights to change Loan's will? Answer: No, I do not think she had the legal right to leave all her money to her dog. The Judge was wealth his rights to change Loan's will. 5. Explain the Importance of a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement In the case of a cohabitation couple who re killed In an auto accident.Answer: It Is Important to have a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship ag reement In the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed In an auto accident In order to keep the state from stepping In. Music By denationalizations marriages. Do you think that if people choose to be committed together, they are a married couple regardless if it's a homosexual couple or a heterosexual couple. Government? Do you think it should? Answer: Domestic and spousal abuse should be a concern of the government because it is their responsibility to provide protection n the case within his rights to change Loan's will?Answer: No, I do not think she had the legal right to leave all her money to her dog. The Judge was within his rights to change Loan's will. 5. Explain the importance off will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement in the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed in an auto accident. Answer: It is important to have a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement in the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed in a n auto accident in order to keep the state from stepping in. Music Do you have a favorite song? Do you remember what you were doing when you last listened to the song? The common known function of music is that it can change people's mood, an upbeat song gets people going, a sad song makes people cry , however music can do a lot more than that to our brains and bodies. Actually, listening to music can stimulate your brain, which make people recall memories from long time ago and even change people's body temperature. Also, music can enhance people's athletic performance. Brain- MemoryMost often, when people listen to songs he/she is familiar with, it stimulates the hippocampus, the brain part that stores the long-term memory. This can easily explain why people can remember what they are doing when listening to his/her favorite music. For example, my brother always forgets to bring his goggles to his swimming practice. The next time before he goes for practice, he can play the same music he was listening to when he was packing. Some emotions and feel ings are deeply embedded in people's memory when they are listening to a particular song.Musical training has even better effect than Just listening to music. There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training at all. Physically – Body temperature Listening to music can also affects one's body temperature. Simply imagine a creaking screen door, or fingernails scratching on a chalkboard, and how those noises give you Goosebumps or makes you shiver. All kinds of sounds and music can influence our body temperature by affecting blood circulation, pulse rate, breaths, nd even sweating.When I was small, I used to listen to lullaby, they help me to fall asleep. In order to fall asleep, the body must lowers its temperature, so slow and soft music can lowers the body temperature while Loud music like rock and roll, with strong beats and rhythm can make our body temperature rise a few degrees Physical ly- Enhance athletic performance A lot of people wonder why athletes always wear their ‘pods and headphones before their games start. Many studies from showed that music have a simulative effect on the brain and body of athletes.This can easily explain why music doesn't only make working out more pleasant, it also enhances our athletic performance. When listening to music, people are able to hold heavy weights for longer than when they're standing in silence. They can also complete sprints in shorter time and are even able to reduce their oxygen uptake. So how can this be happening? It is all about distraction, when listening to music, people are more likely to torget now much your legs hurt or how much longer you've got to run before you cross the finish line.Also, the synchronicity involved is very important. When your movement is matched with the steady musical pulse, you spend less time and effort on the inefficient slowing down and speeding up that happens when you're go ing by your own rhythm. For others, the role of music is to block out any negative thoughts so that athletes can focus only on the race or match. Why are you interested in the topic? What's your favorite music? What kind of music do you usually listen to? When you want to feel calm? Always have a story Makes me focus more when studying and motivated to do things Music Music itself is an amazing expression of the feelings of the one performing or can help others get through hard times with the musical mixture that creates a song. It's a true talent when beats become rhythmic patterns and a voice levels them out into beautiful tunes. The definition of music is vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion. We have many different genres of music in the American history and they have been sung all over the fifty states. I am going to mention just a few of them and discuss the history, origin, and make up of a few concert halls and opera houses. Boston Symphony Concert HallThe Boston Symphony Orchestra gave its first show on October 22, 1881, under the course of Georg Henschel, who remained the director until 1884. For almost twenty years, BSO indicates were held in the old Boston Music Hall; Symphony Hall, one of the world's most worshipped show lobbies, opened on October 15, 1900. Henschel was prevailing by the German-conceived and – prepared conductors Wilhelm Gericke, Arthur Nikisch, Emil Paur, and Max Fiedler, coming full circle in the arrangement of the amazing Karl Muck, who served two residencies, 1906-08 and 1912-18. In 1915 the symphony made its first cross-country trip, playing thirteen shows at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, California. Henri Rabaud, connected with as conductor in 1918, was succeeded a year later by Pierre Monteux. These arrangements denoted the start of a French custom kept up, amid the Russian-conceived Serge Koussevitzky's residency (1924-49), with the work of numerous French-prepared artists. Today the Boston Symphony Orchestra keeps on satisfying and develop the vision of its organizer Henry Lee Higginson, not just through its show exhibitions, instructive contributions, and web nearness, yet additionally through its extending utilization of virtual and electronic media in a way mirroring the BSO's proceeding with consciousness of the present current, consistently evolving, 21st-century world.Carnegie HallCarnegie Hall is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States, located at 881 Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between West 56th Street and West 57th Street, two blocks south of Central Park. In the spring of 1887, on board a ship flying out from New York to London, love birds Andrew Carnegie (the rich industrialist) and Louise Whitfield (little girl of a well-to-do New York vendor) were headed to the prep's local Scotland for their special night. Likewise, on board was the 25-year-old Walter Damrosch, who had quite recently completed his second season as director and melodic chief of the Symphony Society of New York and the Oratorio Society of New York, and was making a trip to Europe for a late spring of concentrate with Hans von Bà ¼low. Through the span of the voyage, the couple built up a fellowship with Damrosch, welcoming him to visit them in Scotland. It was there, at a home called Kilgraston, that Damrosch examined his vision for another show lobby in New York City. Carnegie communicated enthusiasm for conferring a segment of his tremendous riches to the task, and the possibility of Carnegie Hall was conceived. Since it opened in 1891, Carnegie Hall has set the global standard for melodic brilliance as the optimistic goal for the world's finest craftsmen. From Tchaikovsky, Dvo?à ¡k, Mahler, and Bartà ³k to George Gershwin, Billie Holiday, Benny Goodman, Judy Garland, and The Beatles, a respect move of music-production specialists speaking to the finest of each sort has filled Carnegie Hall consistently. The account of Carnegie Hall starts amidst the Atlantic. From right off the bat in its history, Carnegie Hall has been a most loved scene for the world's finest conductors.Old ; New Metropolitan Opera House of New YorkThe primary Metropolitan Opera House opened on October 22, 1883, with an execution of Faust. It was situated at 1411 Broadway in the vicinity of 39th and 40th Streets and was outlined by J. Cleveland Cady. It was just with the advancement of Lincoln Center that the Met could manufacture itself another home. The Metropolitan Opera got its begin after a gathering of New York City moguls had a troublesome time attempting to secure box situate tickets at New York's Academy of Music. The moguls, needing great seats to the most recent theater and performing expressions, chose to begin their own musical drama house in New York City. Their goal was to improve a greater and performing expressions elective than what was at that point offered at the Academy of Music. Amid a period when America was developing and brimming with advancement, the gathering of mogul business people began what might wind up a standout amongst the most surely understood musical drama houses on the planet. The Metropolitan Opera was founded in 1883, with its first opera house built on Broadway and 39th Street by a group of wealthy businessmen who wanted their own theater. In the company's early years, the management changed course several times, first performing everything in Italian (even Carmen and Lohengrin), then everything in German (even Aida and Faust), before finally settling into a policy of performing most works in their original language, with some notable exceptions.Nearly from the earliest starting point, obviously the musical drama house on 39th Street did not have sufficient stage offices. In any case, it was not until the Met joined with other New York organizations in shaping Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts that another home ended up conceivable. The new Metropolitan Opera House, which opened at Lincoln Center in September of 1966, was outfitted with the finest specialized offices. Numerous awesome conductors have helped shape the Met, starting with Wagner's devotee Anton Seidl in the 1890s and Arturo Toscanini who made his introduction in 1908. There were two seasons with the two Toscanini and Gustav Mahler on the directing program. Afterward, Artur Bodanzky, Bruno Walter, George Szell, Fritz Reiner, and Dimitri Mitropoulos contributed capable melodic bearing.ConclusionMusic has been an amazing expression of the feelings of the one performing or can help others get through hard times with the musical mixture that creates a song. It's a true talent when beats become rhythmic patterns and a voice combined together makes things like Jennifer Hudson, she sings opera style music today. The definition of music is vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion. We have many different genres of music in the American history and they have been sung all over the fifty states. I am going to mention just a few of them and discuss the history, origin, and make up of a few concert halls and opera houses. ReferencesByrnes, M., ; CityLab. (2014, October 22). The ‘Old Met' In Its Final Days. Retrieved from https://www.citylab.com/design/2014/10/the-old-met-in-its-final-days/381774/Music. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.dictionary.com/browse/musicHome | Boston Symphony Orchestra. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bso.org/About. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.carnegiehall.org Music One way Is that the viceroy for the sass movie was prominent, giving a synopsis of the movie. The 1 sass trailers gave more of an In depth view of a few scenes of the movie, Instead of now where little snippets of a variety of scenes are shown. In the sass they were used as an Informant to show the audience what the movie will be like, however now they can be used as an artistic thing to gain publicity for the movie without even knowing what it is about.Audrey Hepburn and Marilyn Monroe Their acting styles differed. Audrey Hepburn acted in mainly romantic drama movies, when Marilyn Monroe acted in comedic musical movies. Their acting styles differed because they had different personalities and talents. For example, Marilyn was a confident person with the ability to sing and act at the same time. Audrey was a great actress, perfect for romantic roles. James Dean and Maroon Brandon Actors Like James Dean and Maroon Brand's appearance of rebellion came from the way they dressed, as well as the characters that they played in movies. In JamesDean's movie, he is a rebellious teenager who does not obey his parents, instead doing what he wants. This suggested that teenagers everywhere could stand up against their parents. They also dressed with a leather jacket and seen with a cigarette, looking very rebellious. Shown. In the sass they were used as an informant to show the audience what the because they had deferent personalities and talents. For example, Marilyn was a Actors like James Dean and Maroon Brand's appearance of rebellion came from the against their parents. They also dressed with a leather Jacket and seen with a Music Do you have a favorite song? Do you remember what you were doing when you last listened to the song? The common known function of music is that it can change people's mood, an upbeat song gets people going, a sad song makes people cry , however music can do a lot more than that to our brains and bodies. Actually, listening to music can stimulate your brain, which make people recall memories from long time ago and even change people's body temperature. Also, music can enhance people's athletic performance. Brain- MemoryMost often, when people listen to songs he/she is familiar with, it stimulates the hippocampus, the brain part that stores the long-term memory. This can easily explain why people can remember what they are doing when listening to his/her favorite music. For example, my brother always forgets to bring his goggles to his swimming practice. The next time before he goes for practice, he can play the same music he was listening to when he was packing. Some emotions and feel ings are deeply embedded in people's memory when they are listening to a particular song.Musical training has even better effect than Just listening to music. There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training at all. Physically – Body temperature Listening to music can also affects one's body temperature. Simply imagine a creaking screen door, or fingernails scratching on a chalkboard, and how those noises give you Goosebumps or makes you shiver. All kinds of sounds and music can influence our body temperature by affecting blood circulation, pulse rate, breaths, nd even sweating.When I was small, I used to listen to lullaby, they help me to fall asleep. In order to fall asleep, the body must lowers its temperature, so slow and soft music can lowers the body temperature while Loud music like rock and roll, with strong beats and rhythm can make our body temperature rise a few degrees Physical ly- Enhance athletic performance A lot of people wonder why athletes always wear their ‘pods and headphones before their games start. Many studies from showed that music have a simulative effect on the brain and body of athletes.This can easily explain why music doesn't only make working out more pleasant, it also enhances our athletic performance. When listening to music, people are able to hold heavy weights for longer than when they're standing in silence. They can also complete sprints in shorter time and are even able to reduce their oxygen uptake. So how can this be happening? It is all about distraction, when listening to music, people are more likely to torget now much your legs hurt or how much longer you've got to run before you cross the finish line.Also, the synchronicity involved is very important. When your movement is matched with the steady musical pulse, you spend less time and effort on the inefficient slowing down and speeding up that happens when you're go ing by your own rhythm. For others, the role of music is to block out any negative thoughts so that athletes can focus only on the race or match. Why are you interested in the topic? What's your favorite music? What kind of music do you usually listen to? When you want to feel calm? Always have a story Makes me focus more when studying and motivated to do things Music List the three different types of families that are emerging in the new millennium. Answer: The types of families emerging in the new millennium consist of law marriages, single mothers and fathers, blended families, same-sex parents, and grandparents fulfilling the role of parents to their grandchildren. 2. What are the four ways to protect a cohabitation partner in the event on partner dies? Answer: The four ways to protect a cohabitation partner in the event one partner dies are to prepare a will, own property Jointly, create a power of attorney, and prepare a deiced living will. . What are two of the reasons sociologists have given for the rise in the divorce rate? Answer: Two of the reasons sociologists have given for the rise in the divorce rate are that some are Just dissatisfied with the marriage, or spousal abuse. 4. What are some of the benefits married couples enjoy that cohabitation couples don't? Answer: Some of the benefits married couples enjoy that cohabitation couple s don't are that they are legally recognized being married by the government. 5. How many states allow same sex marriages? Answer: As of 2014, there are 17 tastes with legal same-sex marriage.Critical Thinking Questions 1. A big debate is raging in both the religious and political arenas regarding same sex marriages. Do you think that If people choose to be committed together, they are entitled to be recognized as a married couple? Why or why not? Answer: Yes. If people choose to be committed together, they should be entitled to be recognized as a married couple regardless If It's a homosexual couple or a heterosexual couple. Homosexual couples are no different than heterosexual couples and, therefore, would have the right to marry and be legally considered a married couple. . Why do you think preventing spousal abuse and domestic abuse should be a concern of the government? Do you think It should? Answer: Domestic and spousal abuse should be a concern of the government because It I s their responsibility to provide protection from such things. 3. Do you think cohabitation couples should be entitled to the same legal benefits as those who have a marriage license? Answer: Yes, cohabitation couples should be entitled the same legal benefits as those who have a marriage license. . Leona Helmsmen left her millions to her 9 year old dog.She was legally sane at the time-and ran her businesses and corporations until the day she died. Do you think she had the legal right to do what she wanted with her money, or was the Judge In the case within his rights to change Loan's will? Answer: No, I do not think she had the legal right to leave all her money to her dog. The Judge was wealth his rights to change Loan's will. 5. Explain the Importance of a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement In the case of a cohabitation couple who re killed In an auto accident.Answer: It Is Important to have a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship ag reement In the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed In an auto accident In order to keep the state from stepping In. Music By denationalizations marriages. Do you think that if people choose to be committed together, they are a married couple regardless if it's a homosexual couple or a heterosexual couple. Government? Do you think it should? Answer: Domestic and spousal abuse should be a concern of the government because it is their responsibility to provide protection n the case within his rights to change Loan's will?Answer: No, I do not think she had the legal right to leave all her money to her dog. The Judge was within his rights to change Loan's will. 5. Explain the importance off will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement in the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed in an auto accident. Answer: It is important to have a will, a power of attorney document, and a guardianship agreement in the case of a cohabitation couple who are killed in a n auto accident in order to keep the state from stepping in. Music One way Is that the viceroy for the sass movie was prominent, giving a synopsis of the movie. The 1 sass trailers gave more of an In depth view of a few scenes of the movie, Instead of now where little snippets of a variety of scenes are shown. In the sass they were used as an Informant to show the audience what the movie will be like, however now they can be used as an artistic thing to gain publicity for the movie without even knowing what it is about.Audrey Hepburn and Marilyn Monroe Their acting styles differed. Audrey Hepburn acted in mainly romantic drama movies, when Marilyn Monroe acted in comedic musical movies. Their acting styles differed because they had different personalities and talents. For example, Marilyn was a confident person with the ability to sing and act at the same time. Audrey was a great actress, perfect for romantic roles. James Dean and Maroon Brandon Actors Like James Dean and Maroon Brand's appearance of rebellion came from the way they dressed, as well as the characters that they played in movies. In JamesDean's movie, he is a rebellious teenager who does not obey his parents, instead doing what he wants. This suggested that teenagers everywhere could stand up against their parents. They also dressed with a leather jacket and seen with a cigarette, looking very rebellious. Shown. In the sass they were used as an informant to show the audience what the because they had deferent personalities and talents. For example, Marilyn was a Actors like James Dean and Maroon Brand's appearance of rebellion came from the against their parents. They also dressed with a leather Jacket and seen with a

External Analysis of Kraft Foods Essay

Kraft is the number one manufacturer of snacks in the U. S. and the world’s number two food company (Kraft Foods SWOT analysis, n.d.). Our goal is to maintain and improve those statistics. Results of the Porter’s 5-Forces There is a low threat of entry of new manufacturers. The food industry is already glutted with companies who rival Kraft. ConAgra ($11.62B revenues in 2012), and Nestle ($93.06B) represent the top across-the-board rivals. The Kellogg Company (13.65B) also holds 34.2% of the cereal market (Kraft Annual Report, 12/31/2011). There is a low availability of substitutes. The devastating drought in the U. S. has caused enormous drops in the supply of crops and animals. With diminished supplies when demand is high, suppliers bargaining power is also medium to high. Poor economic conditions coupled with heightened sensitivity to nutritional values have given customers a medium bargaining power (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). Results of the PEST analysis Political unrest in Egypt forced Kraft to suspend operations there (IUF newsier 2012). Likewise, the takeover of the Cadbury company and subsequent closing of the major plan in England have spawned much negativity toward Kraft (Chellel, Kit 5/23/2011). America’s middle class has shrunk by ten percent in the last 40 years and unemployment means consumers are being very cautious with how they spend their money (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). Shopping trends are focusing on health concerns and especially obesity (Kraft Foods SWOT analysis, n.d.). Over the net grocery shopping is becoming more popular (Lempert, P., 12/21/2012). With the advent of Facebook and Twitter, jilted employees, their families, and others who perceive unfairness dramatically weaken a company’s revenues with a few keystrokes. (Kraft Annual Report 10K 12/31/2011). Opportunities and Recommendations Kraft has the opportunity to re-configure marketing and packaging to tap further into the huge health and wellness market. They can educate the public about the advantages of healthy snacks. Kraft should promote the use of different individual pre-packaged and/or frozen items to make or supplement meals as opposed to buying a whole dinner. The consumer can be educated about the nutrition and time savings associated with a-la-carte items which can be used in conjunction with or in addition to a main dish. Kraft has the opportunity to re-examine the proteins in their products. Because of diminished supply of meat, alternate protein sources should be investigated. I feel the greatest concern right now is regaining and maintaining the Kraft name and reputation. It is imperative to keep the Kraft brand associated with good foods and healthy snacks. By implementing these changes, the company can go forward with even better bottom line results. INTRODUCTION In this report, I have analyzed the effects of Porter’s 5 forces upon Kraft Foods Industry. I have documented sources to validate those effects. The information presented is the latest available. I have also done a PEST analysis using the information gleaned from the previous sources as well as other references. I have given impressions concerning Kraft Foods Company from both an internal and external viewpoint. In conclusion, the recommendations for the company should result in better overall performance. Porter’s Five Forces Threat of Entry (low) There is a limited threat that more manufacturers will start up in the food industry. It is cost prohibitive pursuant to start up, marketing, advertising, and building brand loyalty. There are a sufficient number of competitors for Kraft Foods already. Especially at this economical slow down, no formidable threats seem likely (Food Retailing Industry, 2012). Rivalry (high) Kraft Foods has a high degree of competition rivals. ConAgra ($11.62B revenues in 2012), and Nestle ($93.06B) represent the most across-the-board rivals. Other peer groups with partial product competition and their 2011 revenues include: âž ¢ Campbell Soup Company (7.88B) âž ¢ The Coca-Cola Company(47.60B) âž ¢ General Mills, Inc.(17.12B) âž ¢ H.J. Heinz Company (11.62B) âž ¢ Hershey Foods Corporation(6.64B) âž ¢ Kellogg Company (13.65B) which also holds 34.2% of the cereal market, âž ¢ PepsiCo, Inc.(65.70B), and âž ¢ Unilever N.V. Hillshire (4.09B). (Kraft Annual Report 12/2011) (Morningstar KRFT competitors 2011). Substitutes (low) Kraft is the number one manufacturer of snacks in the U. S. and the world’s number two food company (Kraft Foods SWOT analysis, n.d.). Growing your own, buying fresh foods, and eating out would be alternatives to Kraft’s processed foods. For most consumers, time and money constraints would preclude these alternatives. Because of the slow economy and high rate of unemployment, many consumers are turning to home cooked meals rather than buying a complete processed meal (Reports, Statistics and Analysis (2/2/12). Bargaining Power of Suppliers (medium to high) According to Phil Lempert, the supermarket guru, the devastation of the drought in the United States in 2012 has caused exponential upsets in the food industry. There were enormous losses of both crops and animals. Because of this situation, suppliers have less produce and can demand higher prices. Higher prices of groceries have forced the consumer to take note of how much food is being wasted. They are investing those grocery dollars in good snacks and healthy meals (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). Bargaining Power of Customers (medium) Poor economic conditions have necessitated smarter use of grocery dollars. The grocery shopper wants quality products for a reasonable price. Pre-packaged whole meals have given way to more home cooking (Reports, Statistics and Analysis 2/2/12). Improved technology is adding to the clout that customers have. Baby boomers and millennials are using apps to search out similar products at better prices. Health concerns mean consumers are reading labels and demanding to know where their food comes from. (Food Retailing Industry 2012). There is little involved for the consumer in switching brand loyalty. Customers are commanding a heftier share of bargaining power than previously because of instant information about prices and alternatives. PEST Political In 2011, political upheaval in Egypt forced Kraft to suspend operations there. Of the 300 workers, 250 had joined to form a Union. In 2012, the new government instituted a social allowance which Kraft refused to pay resulting in a 3-day sit-in. Kraft fired five board members hoping to eliminate the union. This has caused much negativity toward Kraft. (IUF newswire 2012). Kraft Foods bought out Cadbury and executed some perfectly legal but questionable tactics in doing so. The takeover and subsequent closing of one of the main factories in England left many people with anger and bitterness against Kraft (Chellel, K., May 23, 2011). Both of these incidents give a glimpse into how inner company workings become front-page news. Government and political entities necessarily interact with corporations all the time but when the reputation of the company is damaged, it takes a long time to recover. Economic Environment The worst U. S. drought in 50 years has caused a significantly reduced supply of raw products. America’s middle class has shrunk by ten percent in the last 40 years and unemployment means consumers are being very cautious with how they spend their money (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). The world economy is also in a down slope. Sociocultural Environment The public demands for healthier foods and snacks has increased. Baby boomers and millennials (those born between 1982 and 2004) want better control of what they eat, where it came from and its nutritional value. They are more health conscious than any other generations of peoples. People in general are focusing on health concerns and especially obesity (Kraft Foods SWOT analysis, n.d.). With high unemployment and decreased disposable income, cooking at home has replaced purchasing whole meal packages (Lempert, P. 12/21/2012). Technological Environment Technology, especially the internet, has radically changed the lives of everyone. Today’s consumer is constantly on the move and looking for ways to save time and money. Some of that may be achieved by utilization of an app that lets the consumer compare values and prices of similar products. Over the net grocery shopping is becoming more popular (Lempert, P., 12/21/2012). In Kraft’s 2011 Annual Report, they recognize the impact of social networks such as Facebook and Twitter. Even more damaging than public media, unhappy customers can breed negativity with rumors and innuendoes (Kraft Annual Report 10K 12/31/2011). Overall Impressions Concerning the Company’s Environment Opportunities The cost of grains and meat will be constantly rising forcing grocery prices up over the next few years. Coupled with the growing nutritional and health concerns, Kraft has the opportunity to re-configure marketing and packaging to tap further into the huge health and wellness market. They can educate the public about the advantages of healthy snacks. Because money is tight and many people are returning to home cooking, Kraft has an opportunity to promote the use of different individual pre-packaged and/or frozen items to make or supplement meals as opposed to buying a whole dinner. The consumer can be educated about the nutrition and time savings associated with a-la-carte items which can be used in conjunction with or in addition to a main dish. Kraft has the opportunity to re-examine the proteins in their products. Because of diminished supply of meat, alternate protein sources should be investigated. Threats The Cadbury debacle and the politically-based problems in Egypt have produced much negative press about Kraft. When the reputation of the company is damaged, it takes a long time to recover. Even though Kraft ranks high on the national and global storefronts, a tarnished reputation causes consumers to re-think brand loyalty. . Even more damaging than public media, unhappy customers can breed negativity with rumors and innuendoes. With the advent of Facebook and Twitter, jilted employees, their families, and others who perceive unfairness dramatically weaken a company’s revenues with a few keystrokes. Conclusion Kraft continues to be a leading snack and processed food corporation. I feel their greatest concern right now is regaining and maintaining their reputation. It is imperative to keep the Kraft brand recognition associated with good foods and healthy snacks. By implementing these changes, the company can go forward with even better bottom line results. REFERENCES Chellel, Kit (5/23/2011) eFinancial News. Kraft vs. Cadbury: A bittersweet deal. Retrieved 2/3/13 from http://www.efinancialnews.com/story/2011-05-23/kraft-cadbury-bittersweet-deal. External analysis for Kraft Foods, (June, 2011) Retrieved 2/4/13 from https://docs.google.com/document/d/19liGjGKT76-tSjr_lz1M47bLd99BDFBJlSvHv5BYhzw/preview IUF newsier (2012) Kraft Egypt removes union leaders who called

What is the Quran about according to Fazlur Rahmans Major Themes of Essay

What is the Quran about according to Fazlur Rahmans Major Themes of the Quran - Essay Example The book Major Themes of the Quran by Fazlur Rahman attempts to unravel the intricacies of the Quran with special focus on themes such as God, prophecy, modern society, and disclosure as concerns a stout Muslim and a western scholar (Rahman 19). The Quran is a document aimed at man, with an indication as the guidance for humankind. It has a reference of God’s proper name as Allah, with the name appearing over 2500times in the Quran. His existence as per the Quran is functional as the creator and sustainer of the universe and man. In addition, He is the giver of guidance for man, judges out man individually and collectively as well metes out to him merciful justice. God is the dimension that makes other dimensions possible, giving meaning and life to everything else. He is the all-enveloping, infinite, and the only infinite being. Without God’s activity, the activity of nature and man are wrong, purposeless, and wasteful. The Quran, therefore, emphasizes and re-emphasizes the power and majesty of God (Rahman 23). Concerning the purpose of man, the Quran emphasizes that a man was created specifically to serve God in accordance with his command and through choice. God, therefore, in his outgoing mercy provides man with the necessary knowledge to realize just and fair ends. The choice of whether to use the knowledge and power for good or evil is, therefore, the crucial test for man. The Quran does not prove God but points to him from the existing universe. God is the only one who has created the laws by which nature works. The Quran invites man to make discoveries on the laws of nature and to use it for human good. The Quran proposes that man is God’s creature just like any other created being. However, he is distinguished from the rest of natural creation in that after fashioning him, he breathed his own spirit into him. Man is given free choice in order to fulfill his

Kidney infection, cystitis caused by Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) Research Paper - 1

Kidney infection, cystitis caused by Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) - Research Paper Example These infections are usually caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). This bacteria is present in bowel and intestine. The infection takes place when this bacteria enters into urethra during intercourse or cleaning from back to front after excretion. Entering into urethra and reaching bladder results in cystitis. When this bacteria reaches kidneys, it causes kidney infection i.e. Pyelonephritis. The kidney infection can occur in one kidney or both at the same time. The statistics have shown that ratio of women suffering from these infections is higher than men since it is easier for bacteria to transfer to urethra from surrounding skin. Secondly, the length of urethra is lesser in women which make it easier for bacteria to reach bladder. The kidney infection due to E. Coli, can also take place without cystitis which usually happens when the kidney is blocked or the patient has other health disorders i.e. kidney stone, diabetes, low immunity etc (Gupta et al., 2011; Madappa et al., 2011). Kidney infection can result in further complications such as abscess, kidney inflammation and blood poisoning. In young male patients, posterior urethral valves are the main sites for uncomplicated urinary tract infection whereas older men with prostatic hypertrophy are more prone to it (Mayfield-Blak, 2012). Possible methods of examination may include urinalysis and urine culture where first one will help in examining blood components along with chemicals like nitrites in the urine sample, the later one is intended to examine the nature and content of bacteria for prescription of correct antibiotic. Cytoscopy and imaging tests can also be used (Gupta et al., 2011). Treatment mainly includes intake of antibiotics by mouth or direct insertion into urethra. The intake may continue up to 14 days depending on the nature and severity of the infections. It is important to

Why new cars are better then old cars Research Paper

Why new cars are better then old cars - Research Paper Example This is because of the fact that new cars are far better and cheaper than the old cars. Indian car manufacturer, TATA group recently world’s cheapest passenger car NANO, priced only $ 2000. Even though, prices are coming down, the quality and reliability, safety features, performances, fuel efficiency, comfort levels etc of the current cars are far superior to that of the old cars. This paper briefly analyzes why new cars are better than the old cars. â€Å"Anybody with a car older than three years should be tucking aside $50 a month for repairs and maintenance† (Toups). Old cars cause many problems to the drivers on the road. Occasional engine failures, battery failures, clutch problems, break problems, accelerator problems etc are some of them. The old car owner may force to spend a substantial amount of money for as the repairing cost. On the other hand new cars cause little problems to the driver. The performances of new cars are far better than the old cars. New ca rs were given lot of importance not only to the performance, but also for the safety of the passengers. For example, airbags are one of the safety measures introduced in new cars. Airbags help the passengers to save their life when the car accidents occur. Older cars had no such facility to protect the passenger lives. Airbags will be inflated at the time of accidents and it will shield the passengers from big collisions which can cause severe injuries. Apart from the driver and the front seat passenger, current cars have airbags even for the back seat passengers. The number of air bags has been increased from one to more than 10 at present for some of the advanced cars. Moreover, it is easy for the driver to apply brake smoothly and effectively on new cars compared to the older cars because of the advancements in the braking technologies developed by car manufacturers. â€Å"Today’s automobiles are sophisticated electronically controlled machines† (Erjavec,p.3). Elect ronics has given immense contributions to human life and automobile sector is one area in which electronics brought tremendous changes. Most of the older cars were operated manually by the driver. For example, for raising or lowering the window glasses, the driver forced to put lot of manual efforts in old cars. On the other hand, pressing a switch will help the driver to raise or lower the window glasses in new cars. The fuel tank, dickey etc can also be opened with the help of some switches in the new cars. Global positioning system is another electronically controlled modification in new cars. It helps the drivers to identify routes and locate the places. The computers inside the current cars are even capable of taking the control of the vehicle if the driver accidently sleeps while driving. Moreover, the current car equipments can even measure the alcohol levels in the body of the driver and advice the driver whether to proceed with the driving or not. Such facilities were not t here in the older cars. In short, the reliability of the current cars is far more superior to the older cars. Current cars are more fuel efficient than the older cars. The technology has improved a lot so that some of the current cars give even more than 25miles per gallon (Mpg) of petrol. Most of the older cars were delivering fuel efficiency less than 10 Mpg. Petrol or diesel is necessary for driving a car. However, the availability of petrol or diesel is getting decreased day by day because of the increased usages. Americans faced the effects of oil crisis in the seventies. The energy crisis of the seventies started in October 1973 when OPEC (Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries) and some other Arab countries declared an oil embargo upon United States in

Piracy and different aspect of piracy clause in the Charter Party Essay

Piracy and different aspect of piracy clause in the Charter Party contract - Essay Example Reported cases of these terroristic activities run across the globe. From the shores of Africa and South Asia to the waters of North and Latin Americas, piracy remains one of the critical concerns of most nations and still present an extreme endangerment and precariousness to travelers, especially those engaged in business. The internationally-recognized governing body for matters relating to the law and order of the sea, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defined piracy as the illegal acts of violence committed towards the crew or passengers of a private ship (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982). These acts include but not limited to boarding, extortion, hostage-taking, kidnap-for-ransom, robbery and murder. This undeniable risk prompted a certain initiative, for both ship owners and merchants to craft an insurance coverage that would guarantee them peace of mind and ultimately, protection. â€Å"Attack by pirates or any attempt of theft is covered by this policy that works around the gravity of damage to the aggrieved party† (Global Marine Practice, 2010). This agreement is subscribed in the charter party, in the form of a clause specific about piracy. A written contract shall be entered upon by both the ship owner and the merchant (charterer) signifying their commitment to responsibility when piracy occurs. Theoretically, however, charter clauses on piracy are generally centered on preventing and minimizing the hazards that ships may encounter when at sea. The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO), the world-renowned shipping organization, instituted two widely-accepted supplementary charter clauses concerning piracy: the War Risks Clause for Voyage Chartering of 2004 or simply, the VoyWar 2004 and the Piracy Clause for Time Charter Parties of 2009. These governing rules are the ones implemented in almost all members of the shipping industry. The War Risks Clause for

American prison system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American prison system - Essay Example The American colonies had similar correctional system, largely, with the exception of colonial administrators using more corporal punishment in America, than followed by their counter parts in the motherland. This resulted in more death penalties, during that period. However, William Penn had a different viewpoint, as he adopted â€Å"The Great Law† in Pennsylvania in 1682, which restricted the use of torture as a punishment method, while it allowed felons paying for restitution of property to their victims. While Walnut Street prison became the first penitentiary, Pennsylvania passed legislation, in 1776, which made way for reforming and rehabilitation of offenders, instead of using torture or execution. However, reformist methods like silence and labor could not help much, as prison authorities were forced to accommodate more than one prisoner in a cell, necessitated by the overcrowding of prisons. The same reason kept many prisoners without work in jails.(Criminal Justice i n Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, pp313) Great Penitentiary Rivalry After gaining from the experience of Pennsylvania prison system, many American states tried to implement the concept of silence and labor, while interpreting the same in their own peculiar ways. In the process, the Pennsylvania Penitentiary and New York prison systems engaged in some sort of debate, over the correct and result-oriented method of prison administration. This gave birth to two known separate systems. The Pennsylvania Penitentiary system was entirely based on the â€Å"separate confinement† concept, as the prison had cells for inmates, built in such a manner that no prisoner could come under the influence of other inmate, during the confinement. While the New York system followed the Pennsylvania model of separate confinement, the authorities witnessed rise in sickness, insanity and suicide among inmates. Therefore the system was abandoned in 1822, as Elam Lynds adopted the â€Å"congregate system†, during his tenure as warden at Auburn. (Criminal Justice in Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, pp314-5) Rivalry has influenced American thinking about prison system As America saw progressive movement in criminal justice, it started from the adoption of the â€Å"new penology†. This concept was put into practice at New York’s Elmira State Prison, in 1876, which introduced three-grade system for punishment, as well as, rewarding inmates displaying food behavior with early release. The theories adopted by Elmira model were incorporated during first few decades of twentieth century. Working on more reforms, progressive elements in the correctional system operations adopted â€Å"medical model† for prisoners, which made way for offering medical therapies to inmates for correcting their â€Å"ills†. However, most of the prison administrators did not agree to this level of rehabilitation in their systems. Further, many tough measures, for deal ing with incurable criminals, were incorporated; as criminologists and politicians tried to counter the menace of sharp rise in crime, during 1970s. Accordingly, four types of prisons were formulated; depending on the required security level, starting from minimum security to super-maximum security. (Criminal Justice in Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, reassertion of punishment, pp313 & 331) Comparison between publicly funded and privately funded prisons Privatization, as applicable to goods and service sector may not be completely compatible to the prison system, any where in the world. However, for discussions on privatization, the prison system can come under the purview of

Government Impact on Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Government Impact on Economy - Research Paper Example Some economists, such as William McChesney Martin, view the economy as inherently unstable while others, such as Milton Friedman, argue that it is naturally stable (Mankiw, 1997). Due to this argument, policymakers view economic stabilization as one of their primary responsibilities. So they make laws that will try to stabilize the economy. These lawmakers, together with many economists, believed that in the absence of an active government role in the economy, events like the Great Depression could occur regularly (Mankiw, 1997). Recessions are periods wherein the economy experiences high unemployment rate, as a result, there will be lower income and reduced economic well-being. Monetary and fiscal policies can prevent recessions by responding to the shocks in the aggregate demand and supply. Economists also view it wasteful if the policy instruments were not used to stabilize the economy. However, the economic stabilization would be easy if the impacts of both monetary and fiscal po licies were immediate because sometimes the lags between the implementation and effects of policies make stabilizing the economy more difficult. Then, the need for automatic stabilizers comes in. These are the policies designed to reduce the lags associated with stabilization policy. It is very clear that the government should and must take a hands-on approach to macroeconomic policy to affect the employment environment. They should take full control over the policies that would have impacts on the economy, especially in the employment environment.  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

SIOP Lesson Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SIOP Lesson Plan - Essay Example 3. Handout of comprehension passages. 4. A leaflet containing a list of difficult vocabulary and their meaning. 5. A history kit or a worksheet (please see appendix 1). Motivation: A documentary or transparencies on one of the battles is shown to the students before beginning the activity. A transparency can be shown having the chronology of the battles. Simple and straight questions that can be connected to the content in the passages. The students are allowed to interact before answering the questions. Let the three groups have an interactive discussion about the outcome of battles. Presentation: Try to present the students how the past wars can be related to the present wars. How wars are started and the positive and negative effects of a war. An equation between quantum of loss incurred and misery caused to the population due to wars as against the benefits and allow the students to analyse. The students are allowed to exchange notes and do peer evaluation so that they will understand each other's writing styles and at the same time are encouraged to question each other about the answer they chose and discuss. A discussion about the present wars in comparison to the past makes them understand how content can be useful in learning language skills. Exchanging notes and interaction between the groups leads to the integration of language skills. The teacher first explains the sequence of the activity with examples. Practice: An information gap activity is presented to all the three groups. The three groups are given a passage with fill in the blanks on three different battles. Since all the members in the group are aware of the events the groups are allowed to interact and seek answers... The students are allowed to exchange notes and do peer evaluation so that they will understand each other's writing styles and at the same time are encouraged to question each other about the answer they chose and discuss. A discussion about the present wars in comparison to the past makes them understand how content can be useful in learning language skills. Exchanging notes and interaction between the groups leads to the integration of language skills. An information gap activity is presented to all the three groups. The three groups are given a passage with fill in the blanks on three different battles. Since all the members in the group are aware of the events the groups are allowed to interact and seek answers and fill in the blanks with right answers. Each student from the group is asked to select one battle and make a very short oral presentation before the class. The content of the presentation need not be entirely based on the true text but can relate to the other aspects of the war. (The students are given time to make notes before the presentation).

Capital Asset Pricing Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Capital Asset Pricing Model - Essay Example The underlying theme associated with CAPM is investor’s relationship and the advantages which an investor can attain by the application of this model. The investors are linked in two ways with this technique; one is the time value of money and the other is the risk factor involved in a project. The time value of money can be depicted using the risk-free (Rf) rate in the formula which can then be compensated with the investors for placing money in any investment after a certain period of time. The risk part of CAPM formula is used for representation of risk and calculates only the amount of compensation which any investor can undertake for facing any additional risk. These financials can be calculated using the risk measurement tool i.e. beta, which has the ability to compare the returns of the asset towards the market after a certain period of time having definite market premium. According to the CAPM tool, the expected return of a security calculated on a portfolio is equal t o the rate of a risk-free security, which is further raised by including a risk premium. If this is expected return is not able to be ascertained or is not able to even beat the expected return then the required return and the investment will not be undertaken. Practical Implementation of CAPM This pricing model which is regarded as CAPM was put forwarded in the year 1960 and since then it is under deep influence of criticisms. The argument of such critics involves hypothesis that CAPM does not put forward realistic market conditions.

Effectiveness and efficiency of Value Added Tax (VAT) system in Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

Effectiveness and efficiency of Value Added Tax (VAT) system in Bangladesh Essay 1.1 Background Bangladesh introduced the Value Added Tax (VAT) in 1991 by replacing the age-old excise duty on the domestically produced goods and services and sales tax at the importation stage. The study of the practice and problems of the VAT in different countries shows that the VAT has been introduced not only because of its revenue raising potentials but also because of its simplicity, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, equity, and progressiveness all of which complement the establishment of good governance. 1.2 Rationale of the study/problem definition The revenue-GDP ratio in Bangladesh is one of the lowest (8. 5%) in the world. Of all the tax revenues, VAT at present is the single largest contributor to GDP. It has been found that VAT funds the government expenditure more than any other tax. In the very first year of its introduction, VAT yielded a reve25.43% more than the previous year. Starting from 3190 crore taka in FY 1991-92, VAT yielded 28,657 crore taka in FY 2008-09.VAT now accounts for 4.3% of GDP while the total contribution of tax revenue to GDP is 8.36%. But still different stake holders raise the questions of efficiency and effectiveness of the VAT system in Bangladesh. By efficiency and effectiveness we mean â€Å"processes and institutions to produce results that meet the needs of society (effectiveness) while making the best use of resources at their disposal (efficiency).† No such study has so far been undertaken. 1.3 Objectives of the study The objectives of the study are: i. To examine to what extent VAT system is efficient in raising revenue by making the use of its resources as compared to the tax system that it had replaced ii. To examine the extent of the enforcement of principles of effectiveness and efficiency as embodied in the VAT legalization iii. To identify to what extent the stakeholders namely the taxpayers and consumers view VAT as an effective and efficient tax system iv. To find recommendations and suggestions for improving the VAT system as an efficient and effective tax system 1.4 Methodology i. Source of data: Mainly secondary data- published VAT legislations and statistics from the National Board of Revenue (NBR) as well as from Bureau of Statistics will be used. For assessing the stakeholders’ perception of Bangladesh VAT as regards its efficiency and effectiveness primary data will be gathered from Bangladeshi stakeholders like the taxpayers and general consumers. ii. Sampling Based on the target population, probability sampling (stratified sampling) will be used. iii. Sample size The total sample size will be 100 (by choosing some strata (e.g. from consumers, from taxpayers, from the high dense and convenience place). Of them, 50% will be from the taxpayers segment and the remaining 50% from general consumers. iv. Questionnaire Two set of structured questionnaire with fixed alternative questions including simple dichotomy. determinant choice, frequency determination will be prepared for the target respondents for collecting primary data- one set for the general consumers and the other for the taxpaying business representatives. In order to ensure the accuracy and relevancy of data, questions will be in Bangla. Questionnaire will be pre-tested before putting into use. v. Data Collection Researchers (members of the group) themselves will collect data the target population staying in Dhaka and its neighborhood. vi. Statistical tools for data processing and analysis Appropriate statistical tools like tables, graphs and charts will be used to process and analyze data and to arrive at the conclusion of the study. 1.5 Limitations As VAT covers the whole of Bangladesh, the data to be truly representative needs to be gathered from a much bigger population. But due to time and resource constraints, the sample size has been kept small. 1.6 Conclusion Based on the findings and their interpretation, a report containing recommendations will be prepared within the given time limit and presented to the concerned audience.

Cost Estimation for Meeting Perths Water Needs

Cost Estimation for Meeting Perths Water Needs (a) Introduction 2.1 This career episode is based on my engineering activity at the University of Western Australia. It is about an assignment I carried out during the second semester of my masters degree in the unit Process synthesis and design, worth 25 % of the overall grade. The assignment was released on 11 August 2015 and was due on the 18 September 2015.Thus the entire task was completed in just five weeks time. (b) Background 2.2. The project on Cost Estimation for Meeting Perths Water Needs was carried out as an assignment for the unit Process Synthesis and Design. I was part of a group of six people. The project required the calculation of CAPEX and OPEX for two different scenarios and comparison of both to determine the suitable one for real life implementation. This assignment involved several design stages along with the study of flow in a pipeline in order to select the appropriate piping and the length required to meet the water requirement over a 50 year lifetime. The project was completed successfully under the guidance of Prof. Mike Johns, School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at the University of Western Australia. 2.3 Decreasing annual rainfall and subsequent decrease in water supply had become the talk of media and local government in Perth. This has caused an interest in techniques to supply fresh water to Perth. The project aimed at evaluating two different scenarios to meet with Perths increasing water demands. The first scenario considered in the project was a two stage RO Desalination plant that would intake seawater and produce fresh water at 1000 à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â€š ¬Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿/à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ½Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦. The second scenario was the design construction of a 2435 km Kimberly pipeline from Argyle dam to Perth capable of meeting the same fresh water requirement per day. 2.4 Some of the core duties I was involved in are as follows: I performed literature reviews and referred several materials to understand various prospects of the project. I divided the task among my team members and ensured that they accomplished their assigned tasks effectively. I estimated the CAPEX and OPEX for two different scenarios. I contributed to the discussion with the members of my team on the merits and demerits of each case of the project. I attended meetings with my supervisor and team members to discuss the progress of the project and to exchange our contributions. I also compared and validated certain theoretical results with that of my calculated ones using appropriate approaches to suit the requirements of the project. I welcomed the challenge in completing a cost breakdown analysis by selecting the appropriate material based on its mechanical properties, pressure head, volumetric flow rate, velocity and followed by certain significant assumptions throughout the project. I prepared charts and tabulations of selection and cost analysis for different equipment and materials. I also prepared a report on the comparison of CAPEX and OPEX of two different scenarios and contributed more towards the design of reverse osmosis desalination plant and its functions. (c) Personal Engineering Activity The assignment required the comparison of CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) and OPEX (Operational Expenditure) for two scenarios. The first scenario given was the reverse osmosis desalination plant. This process consists of several stages. I analyzed the process to determine the amount of feed required to produce 1000 à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â€š ¬Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿/à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ½Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦ of fresh water. I discovered that from the 45% recovery of the RO membrane system, a 2222.2 à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â€š ¬Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿/à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ½Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦ of salt water feed will provide the required 1000 à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â€š ¬Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿/à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ½Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦ of fresh water to Perth. Figure 1: Reverse Osmosis design selection block diagram 2.6 In order to determine the OPEX, all the steps involved in the process had to be accounted. In order to do so, I broke down the process into independent steps. The first step was the pre-treatment of feed water to avoid fouling in the membrane system. Managing membrane fouling with pre-treatment methods reduces the replacement rate of membranes and lowers the ongoing OPEX costs. The next step involved in the process was coagulation. I chose Ferric Salts as a coagulant because of its tendency to disinfect microorganisms, partially degrade and oxidize the organic and inorganic impurities, and remove suspended particulate materials in a single dosing and mixing unit process. The next step in the process was the passage of feed water through Dual-filters. After extensive research, I decided that the Anthracite bed on silica sand was best suited to remove suspended solids and colloids formed in the ferric salt treatment. Lastly the feed was passed through micron cartridge filters to re move fine particles and bacterial matter before it was processed through a high pressure pump to the membranes. 2.7 The final and the most important step of the process was the selection of membrane. Referring to a number of papers, I found out that the best suited membrane for the specific purpose was the Toray TM820-440 membranes. These membrane elements had a high salt rejection percentage, large flux, low cost and are efficient on energy use to minimize OPEX costs. Before distribution, the permeate needs to be treated to maintain pH and remove corrosion potential. Lime contactors can increase hardness, alkalinity and pH while preventing calcium to leech from pipes into the distribution system. 2.8 I prepared the CAPEX by scaling up the capacity of an existing desalination plant to match the desired capacity. I considered The Perth Seawater Desalination Plant in Kwinana which has a capacity of 45à °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ºÃƒ °Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿/à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ½Ãƒ °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ¸ and incurred a capital cost of $387 million AUD. I also took Southern Seawater Desalination Plant into consideration in Binningup which had a capital cost of $1400 million AUD and produces 100 GL/year. Of the two, I selected the Binningup desalination plant as it was built much more recently compared to that of kwinana. From calculations, I found that the proposed plant is 3.65 times larger than the Binningup plant and as such, the CAPEX could be approximated to $5110 million AUD. 2.9 Operating Costs can be classified as fixed or variable. Figure 2: Operating expenditure classification used in the project The table below summarizes the OPEX estimation for the Desalination plant. Table 1: Summary of RO Desalination OPEX Cost Components 2.10 The second scenario to be considered was the Argyle Dam Pipeline. The solution costs were based on quotes from two Australian companies:   Steel Mains and Flowserve. I selected these two companies based on a background study that I carried out. From the research, I learnt that these companies have been involved in numerous Australian water transport projects and abide by Australian standards. The final solution that I selected was based on Steel Mains cement mortar lined pipe model DN2200 and custom made pumps designed by Flowserve with an operating head value of 250 metres with inlet and outlet valves equal to the diameter needed. The 250 metres operating head was chosen as the pipes are designed to work at 2.7MPa. After discussion with the team members, two solutions were proposed: a real pipeline with outer diameter of 2159mm, 3 pipelines with 3 pumps per pipeline, and the other one having theoretical pipelines with outer diameter 2520mm, 2 pipelines with 3 pumps. The CAPEX estimation for the proposals is as follows: Table 2: Summary of Pipeline CAPEX Cost Components The OPEX estimation has been limited to the power requirements of the pumping stations and the personnel required to run the pipeline. Table 3: Summary of Pipeline OPEX Cost Components I compared the CAPEX and OPEX along with the advantages and disadvantages of both the scenarios to determine which of the two would be more suitable for real life application. For the Kimberley pipeline, the CAPEX cost ($36.6 billion AUD) heavily exceeds the desalination plant. This large CAPEX cost comes from the cost of purchasing DN2200 pipes which have an estimated lifetime of 100 years. The major factor contributing to the OPEX value from the pipeline is maintenance (77.7%). On the proposed desalination plant solution, the CAPEX cost is relatively low compared to the pipeline ($6.275 billion AUD). The majority of this cost comes from the installation of high pressure pumping station, and a seawater desalination system with energy recovery devices which are a long term investment to save on high energy costs of up to 50-60% associated with desalination. The majority of OPEX estimates come from the cost of power to run the plant (81%). Considering all the facts, I decided that the desalination plant should be selected over the Kimberley project. This is because the desalination plant is more economically feasible over a large time span. Even though the pipeline has been designed to facilitate this increase in demand, CAPEX estimates are too expensive to justify this project. I also carried out several calculations to determine the velocity of water running through the selected pipelines and was found to be 1.08 m/s. Table 4: Information summary of real (calculated values) and theoretical pipeline options Parameters such as Reynolds number, relative roughness, pressure drop, volumetric flow rate and pipeline elevation were also determined when selecting the appropriate pipeline for this project. Estimating the appropriate number of pumping stations at remote areas along the length of the pipeline was one of the tedious task in the project as it involved a lot calculations and literature reviews. A different approach to this project was the consideration of solar technology over wave supply to be the best present day strategy at remote areas as the supply of power to pumping stations was not be a viable option by the latter. Unfortunately, these winds are not a reliable option in the interior parts of Western Australia and so would not be a feasible selection for power supply to a potential pipeline. Overall, I was able to achieve all the objectives of the project successfully within the specified time and prepared a final report incorporating all the necessary design calculations, ide as and suggestions which could have improved the overall outcome of the project. A peer review was also submitted at the end of the project as a reflection on how each team member contributed individually for the project. (d) Summary 2.15 This project provided me with a valuable experience and great insight into an industrial project. I gained profound knowledge on process economics and also helped boost my confidence. During the course of the project, I understood the importance of team work and team management. I utilized my engineering knowledge for the successful completion of the project and as a whole, this project served as a stepping stone into the industrial world.

Inside A Pre K Classroom Education Essay

Inside A Pre K Classroom Education Essay In a Pre-K classroom how and what the children are taught is very important. This is when the foundation for learning in a school setting is experienced. The type of training the teacher has in early childhood education is imperative as well. The above factors work together to help the class have successful learning experiences. In this paper it I will discuss the theories and/or philosophies that reflect how I envision my classroom and curriculum for pre-k. The concepts I would teach in each of the academic area, and finally I will include two activities that I would do with the class that coincides with the philosophies of the National Association for the Education of Young Children Standards. There are a couple goals I would keep in mind as pre-k teacher when setting up my class. I d being able to provide a planned educational environment, which means not just teaching as I go. But actually use what I ve learned in classes, workshops, and other resources to provide the best learning environment possible. Secondly, make sure learning experiences are plentiful, so that a positive foundation for the future is supported. Some of the motivations behind my goals are coming from the works and studies done by earlier pioneers of education. One of them that definitely come to mind is German educator Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) who was renowned for his pioneering work in developing a school for early childhood education. He was a philosophical idealist who believed that every child s inner self contained a spiritual essence that stimulated self-active learning in curriculum for kindergarten. (Eliason Jenkins, 2012) Play was an appropriate means of learning to Froebel. The time c hildren spend drawing, using manipulatives, sing songs, and finger plays it was allowing them to learn. The other pioneer that comes to mind is Jean Piaget (1896-1980) a Swiss psychologist, which made significant contributions to educational psychology and early childhood education. (Eliason Jenkins, 2012) He felt the teacher is designer of activities appropriate to child s level of development. Piaget s principle which states its through children s own exploratory processes, they are able to develop the power to generalize, differentiate, and coordinate their concepts of reality, building concepts based on their experiences of the external world. (Berk, 2003, pg. 219) Their understanding of the world changes as they grow. It s these theories and others from earlier educators helped us today and in the past get a better understanding of the children s development. Pre-K is where the experiences learned can help them develop a positive self-image along with the emotional, social, and intellectual skills necessary to be successful in the classroom. My curriculum would help create a stable foundation in the growth of independent learners. It s here that both teacher-directed and choice-based activities can create these independent learners. (Berk, 2003, pg. 342) The classroom s activities for the curriculum are designed to recognize the growth and development of each child while I m teaching. It will motivate the children to learn while also identifying the needs of the child individually. This way I m able to help them develop positive relationships with peers and adults, and encouraging them to express themselves creatively. They will get to develop language through listening, speaking, and dramatic play activities. The opening for physical growth can take place through gross and fine motor activities, also provide experiences to stimulate and develop cognitive skills. There are some basic concepts such as counting, colors, shapes, patterning, math, rhymes, and sequencing will be learned. Some of the academic areas of my class would include math, literacy, creative arts, science, and technology. Young children develop an everyday mathematics including informal ideas of more and less, taking away, shape, size, location, pattern and position. (Ginsburg, Lee, and Boyd 3-23) In math they will get the chance to learn things like numerals 1-10 and counting objects to 10. The children will learn to identify, describe and compare repeating patterns. This is actually the basis of our number system. The students get the chance to sort of objects such as color to help them to develop flexibility in thinking and problem solving. They will get introduced to shapes (circle, square, triangle, and rectangle), sizes (small, medium, large), shapes matching and time in reference to day and night. There is even an insight about using measurement. In the area for dramatic play there are pots, pans, and etc. to allow them to act out things they see in the kitchen. Well, when using the items they are able to try and see what fits into what and what doesn t. This is also allowing them to use problem solving skills. Literacy is what my class is able to read and write. It s at this age I know they can gasp good habits as their reading and writing level is starting to grow. My responsible is to create a literate environment and then use the best tools available to teach the components of literacy. (Eliason Jenkins, 2012) I will teach about each letter s name and sounds of the alphabet. They will work on spelling, writing, and recognizing their own name. Practicing writing will help them learn to hold writing utensils correctly. At this point they can understand and explain what the text in a story is about from its illustrations, repeat nursery rhymes and finger plays, respond to questions about stories, build new vocabulary and listening skills. The creative arts would defiantly be enjoyable when working with this age. They have such great imaginations that actually get to allow them to share it with each other. I would make sure while they are learning I embraces all of their creativity with positive reinforcement. I d let them try art processes like painting, drawing, sculpture, weaving, and collage. I would encourage them to sing songs that enhance their curriculum. During music time allow them to use scarves, rhythm sticks, and bean bags to practice rhythms. I encourage them to play with children s instruments. As we learn about different animals I d have the class act out the sounds they make. It s so many ways to bring out their artistic side but these are just a few I would do with them. In the science area they are at a developmentally appropriate age to explore science tools such as magnets, prisms, magnifying glasses, and etc. I can take them on nature walks, gardening, and other explorations. Plan activities where they can measure and mix ingredients in cooking activities. I can allow them to identify basic colors and explore color mixing to see how certain colors are formed. Teaching them about how we use our five senses to explore different things. Then there s sharing different types of animals with the class. But also going even farther by informing them about the types of homes they live in, and the food they eat. It seems that the world is become more and more dependent on technology as time goes by. Today even pre-k can get a start on using some of the devices. Computers play a huge part in our lives nowadays. My students would learn things like creating picture with computer programs to tell stories. They will be working on improving their fine motor skil ls by using the keyboard. Also while controlling the mouse to click and drag to different points on the screen. They would be allowed to explore kid friendly websites on the internet that is developmentally appropriate. The first activity I would do with them is called Autumn Collage The day before we do the activity I would complete an example for them to see. The materials needed are treasure sacks (brown paper bags), flour, oil, salt, and water for collage background, plastic spoons, heavy paper plates, hold puncher, and yarn. The morning before we go outside I would pass the sacks out and tell the children we are going on an autumn nature walk to look for treasure. The items we will be looking to put in our sacks are leaves, nuts, acorns, grass, small flowers, and seeds. The two objectives for my class will be to measure and mix ingredients for collage background, and sort and place items from their treasure sack onto the collage. Once back inside and we get ready to start the activity the procedure would go in this order select a paper plate and have students write their names on the back of their plate, discuss the word Autumn and that we are going to make a special display for the items they have in their treasure sacks, show how to measure and mix the glop for the collage background and how the mixture changes, then allow them to spread the glop onto the paper plate with a spoon, take items from the treasure sack and place it onto the glop to make a pretty autumn collage, and finally let the collage dry and explain how the water will evaporate and their collage background will get hard just like mine. I will then take finished collage to a drying rack. When it is dry in a couple of days, I will then punch a hole in the edge of the plate and put a yard through it so it can be hung. The concepts the children learn from this activity are fine motor, language development, measurement. The second activity I would do with my students is called Name that Sound . This activity is great to do for science to work on our sense of hearing. This can be fun and encourage the children to use their listening skills. It s also designed to make the class aware those different things that have sounds of their own. They are also able to learn we can name different things by recognizing the sounds with their ears. The materials needed for the activity are paper, chalk, pen, zipper, jar with screw lid, bell, book, and other objects that make noise. I would use this activity when we are working on learning about our five senses. Before getting into the activity I would go over some vocabulary words used during this activity. They would include words like loud, quiet, sharp, soft, and sounds. The steps for this lesson are to take turns with a group or with an individual; asking each child to close his eyes, wad up the paper while his eyes are closed and ask the child to identify the sound, and then repeat with a different object. Once completing this activity the children will become more aware of sound. The National Association for the Education of Young Children Standard (NAEYC) is a 103,000-member organization of early childhood educators. NAEYC has created a set of standards that specifies what a program s characteristics that meet the developmental and individual needs of young children of varying ages, based on current research and the consensus of experts. (Berk, 2003) The two planned activities above encourage the children to be active and engaged. (Berk, 2003) It is so important to Implement a curriculum that is thoughtfully planned, challenging, engaging, developmentally appropriate, culturally and linguistically responsive, comprehensive, and likely to promote positive outcomes for all young children. (NAEYC, 2003) You are now aware of how I would prepare the appropriate curriculum to teach a pre-k class. I have shared the goals of providing a planned educational environment, and creating rich learning experiences to form a positive foundation for the future. Plus, instructions on how the goals are applied in each academic area and two different lesson plans.

The American Dream in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays

The American Dream in Of Mice and Men The American dream ideally constitutes life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as stated by America's forefathers in the Declaration of Independence. This vision has been extremely warped in the 20th century to fit the new breed of Americans, which are greedy and self-centered. The main characters opinions in the novel Of Mice and Men of The American Dream substantially differs from each other, and from today's society. Of Mice and Men takes place in the 1930's of America during the Great Depression. The American dream was no more, and the land of opportunity had become the land of misfortune. It was during this time that many farmers best hope for a new life lied in California. In come the two main characters of Of Mice and Men, George and Lennie, two migrant workers on the run and looking for a job. George is a "small and quick," man, who may sometimes seem like he dislikes Lennie's company, but in actually is very devoted to him (pg. 2). Lennie is "a huge man," who is somewhat mentally retarded, and a reveres George's every word (pg. 2). The two are best friends, and how ever different they may seem both share a common goal. Their main ambition is to "get the jack together," purchase a few acres of land they can call their own, "an' live off the fatta the lan'" (pg. 14). To own a humble home, where they can work for themselves and be free of the persecution and scrutiny of society. A kind of sanctuary from the flings and arrows of the outside world, where it seems Lennie was not meant to live in. Unlike Lennie, all Curly's wife longs for is to experience the world for herself. She is virtually a prisoner in her own home, devoid of the power to change her fate. When she was young, she dreamt of becoming a famous actress in a "show," but when she married Curly, her entire life changed for the worse. After her marriage, the shattered remains of her dreams and a husband who did not love her was all she had left.

The Gap Between ESL Programs and Mainstream Academics :: Education Academics China Language Essays

The Gap Between ESL Programs and Mainstream Academics The world of Academia is daunting even for one who speaks the language of the culture in which it is embedded. As I set about writing this paper, I must – as I imagine Ryuko Kubota must also have done in her crusade against stereotypical theories – make this subject real for me. This process of making sense of what has already been written, of my own and others’ responses to them, of how it applies to what I have observed in the real life of a Japanese student grappling through the rhetorical and cultural jungles, and how to synthesis it all into a crisp-written thesis, feels very much like preparing to birth a perfect, unwieldy egg. I have a vague vision of how it might look, yet I’ve no idea how it is supposed to come out of me. And, furthermore, what might hatch from it once it is in the world. This allows me a new appreciation for those going through this process without the advantage of their first language. This also stirs a sense of responsibility brought to my attention by Ruth Spack regarding the integrity of researchers – or anyone actively utilizing the discourse of dominance – who have in their hands not only the power of influencing individuals’ experiences learning a language, but swaying the course of social perception. In her criticism of the intellectual irresponsibility of colleagues such as Murphy, Carson & Nelson, whose poorly-supported generalizations about eastern cultures created a â€Å"snowball effect† in succeeding literature, she warned of the danger of seemingly harmless assertions being â€Å"treated as cultural truths and then applied inappropriately to other cases† (Spack, 769). It is with such particular acts that dangerous assumptions can debilitate core efforts toward clearer communication. It is therefore both with a sense of compassion for those having to situate themselves – and succeed – in a discourse not their own, and a sense of duty to contribute to a vaster understanding and acceptance of our world’s multiple consciousnesses, that I approach the issue of contrastive rhetoric and L2 writing. With unabashed contempt for the tendencies toward mass stereotyping found in much of the literature on contrastive rhetoric (except for recent criticism from Spack, Kubota and the like), I wanted to narrow the scope of my thesis as much as possible – to ground it in the directly-observable, and to strip away any supposition that my views are anything other than subjective.

Is there anything to admire in the character of Macbeth? Essay

Is there anything to admire in the character of Macbeth? And how does Shakespeare influence our thoughts and feelings towards him as the audience? As the audience, our opinions of Macbeth change throughout the play, from a perception of a character who is heroic and a loyal servant, to a cruel and evil â€Å"butcher†. Shakespeare uses many varied methods to portray the character of Macbeth to the audience, and influence their thoughts and feelings. The opening scene is of three witches who feature throughout the play. They would have terrified an audience of the time as it was written and performed around the time of the ‘Gunpowder Plot’ and when the threat of being bewitched by a witch was very real to them. When supernatural and inexplicable things happened, women were often persecuted as witches and executed. This unfounded fear is what Shakespeare uses to get his audience hooked, and from there he is able to reel them in. The weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters introduce Macbeth to us, ‘there to meet with Macbeth.’ As they say this they are predicting the future, a skill that witches were believed to have. At this point the audience are surprised to see that the main character is being linked to witches and therefore evil. The last line of their scene, ‘fair I foul and foul is fair,’ this line has alliteration, which enforces the line, making it stick in the memory. Also it is juxtaposition of foul and fair, they are opposites of each other, and yet they are being used together to describe the weather. This is also the first line of Macbeth, this strengthens the link between him and the witches, so before the plot has begun, this gives the audience preconceptions of him being sinful and malicious. The line also conveys an element of pathetic fallacy as it describes the strange weather, and also reflects the ‘strange’ and ‘confusing’ rhymes of the weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters. Shakespeare keeps referring to them to show the overall mood and directions of Macbeth during the play. After Macbeth’s meeting with the weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters, he writes to lady Macbeth, this is when the audience first meet her, and so the way Shakespeare conveys her character in this scene is important as it is how the audience will view her for most of the play. The letter tells both lady Macbeth and the audience how the weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters prophesised his future as thane of both Cawdor and Glamis, and also that he will be king, ‘hail king that shalt be.’ Contrary to the ethics of the time Macbeth seems to treat his wife with the kind of equality he would only show other thanes. However, it begins to become apparent that Lady Macbeth has a great deal of control over him. He calls her his, ‘dearest partner in greatness.’ This shows the audience that Macbeth would be willing to do a great deal for her. We see them contrast each other again when they meet to discuss the murder of king Duncan. It is lady Macbeth who initiates the plan, ‘O never shall sun that morrow see.’ Again showing her dominance over Macbeth, but also a very ambitious, evil side. Macbeth shows doubts and loyalty to his king, ‘we will speak further-‘ this restores some feelings of respect for Macbeth in the audience, as he is defying his wife, and showing his loyal side. But Shakespeare also uses it to make the audience wonder whom Macbeth values and loves more, his wife, or his king and country. â€Å"I am his kinsman and his subject, strong both against the deed.† When he says this, it shows that he seems to be more loyal to his king, but he is won over by his wife. At this point we as the audience admire him for his devotion to his king, and to his wife, it shows him to be a human and have human feelings, Lady Macbeth reveals her true self to the audience in a soliloquy. She links herself to ‘spirits who tend on mortal thoughts.’ And she asks that they ‘unsex’ her, to make her more masculine and therefore able to carry out the tasks that Macbeth is too weak to do. ‘Take my milk for gall.’ This symbolises a theme of black versus white, darkness and light and good and evil that runs through the play. It shows how Lady Macbeth could be seen as a fourth witch in the play, and is helping the weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters cast their spell on Macbeth. She also feels as though it is her committing the murder, and controlling Macbeth, ‘My keen knife.’ This shows how she wants to more masculine, and feels that if she weren’t a woman she would be stronger than Macbeth. Perhaps she feels that he is an extension of herself, at this point the audience would begin to pity Macbeth as they feel he is being submissive to his wife, who is using her persuasive techniques to overpower him in order to make Macbeth carry out her plans, because she feels too female and weak to do them, she is using Macbeth, simply as a body to perform her evil deeds. Shakespeare shows this by using â€Å"we† when Lady Macbeth talks about the crime Macbeth is about to commit, â€Å"We’ll not fail.† His use of the word â€Å"we† makes Lady Macbeth appear to the audience as though she feels that it is her who is committing the murder and that she is controlling Macbeth. Macbeth realises that Lady Macbeth is taking advantage of his love for her and tries to take control of the situation. He shows his loyalty to his king and country as he tries to stop the deed, ‘We will proceed no further in this business.’ But again lady Macbeth shows her dominance and cunning, calculated plans, she throws his better judgement right back at his face and taunts him into submission. ‘Live a coward in thine own esteem.’ She questions his masculinity, ‘then you were a man.’ She uses words such as â€Å"coward† to describe Macbeth to make him feel guilty that he is letting her down, that he is not being the man she wants him to be. She is manipulating him by using his love for her to her own advantage. She even uses her femininity to her advantage and to further taunt his manhood when she says she would have, ‘dashed the brains out’ of her own child, rather than break a promise as he is doing. This is another point at which the audience feels a great sympathy towards Macbeth as a â€Å"woman† is bullying him to murder against his own will. In a 1600s society, when the play was first written and performed, women were considered as second class, weaker both mentally and physically, therefore if a man were seen to being weaker than his wife, the audience would pity him. Shakespeare is using Lady Macbeth’s difference to other women, as a tool to show Macbeth’s vulnerability, a quality that requires sympathy and pity from an audience, and so they would place the blame on Lady Macbeth instead of Macbeth, as it seems as if he isn’t responsible for his own actions. Macbeth buckled to is wife’s pressure and began to plan Duncan’s murder, he begins to hallucinate about a dagger, ‘A dagger of the mind, a false creation.’ Even in his ‘heat oppressed’ vision Macbeth appears to be aware that it isn’t real and that it has something to do with witches, ‘Pale Hecate’s off’ rings, and withered murder.’ Here Shakespeare is using the theme of good and evil as Macbeth battles evil in his mind. It must have been confusing for him as he is fighting against himself, and so either way, he cannot win. We as the audience pity Macbeth here because he has been won over by his wife’s evil ways, we see that he has a weak mind, but we still admire his self knowledge that it is only a hallucination, it is as though he knows he is being taken advantage of, but cant do any thing to prevent it. Evil presides and he goes on to murder King Duncan, perhaps with some regret that he gave way to his wife’s assertiveness. ‘I go and it is done†¦that summons thee to heaven or hell.’ Heaven juxtaposes hell; they are two opposites that are used by Shakespeare to show the underlying theme of good and evil in the play. The way Macbeth questions where Duncan will go after his death, suggests that he knows that Duncan is a good person. Perhaps he is beginning to realise that he is quite the opposite, that he juxtaposes Duncan. This shows that he knows Duncan’s death to be untimely, as he suggests that it might go to heaven for he did not deserve to die. Shakespeare again uses confrontations between the Macbeths to make the audience feel empathy towards Macbeth, as he seems confused and bewildered by what he has done, and Lady Macbeth still berates him. ‘Infirm of purpose.’ She still feels that she is the stronger one in their relationship and feels more worthy of the royalty promised to Macbeth. She believes that Macbeth feels remorse for his actions because he is not evil as she is. He shows his remorse in the form of delusions, ‘Me thought I heard a voice cry, ‘sleep no more: Macbeth does murder sleep.’ At this point we feel for Macbeth as he is clearly distressed, we feel that his suffering is as a result of the bullying prevailed on him by Lady Macbeth, therefore we feel sympathetic towards him. Again, Shakespeare uses the theme of good and evil, this time represented by blood and water. Macbeth asks, ‘will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?’ this shows that he feels as though his bloodstained hands will give him away, he wants to hide the fact that he is a murderer, although this is what he does in battles. At this point we might feel that he is only doing what comes naturally to him, he kills in battle all the time, â€Å"his brandished steel which smoked with bloody execution.† but when it was someone that he knew and respected, and it was off the battle field, he felt distraught and remorseful. This makes the audience respect his morals, but dislike him slightly because he didn’t heed to them. After Lady Macbeth has taken back the daggers, she uses the blood now on her hands to goad Macbeth, ‘my hands are the colour of yours, but I shame to wear a heart so white.’ Lady Macbeth knows that she is more evil and capable of murder than Macbeth was. It is the fact that Shakespeare constantly compares Macbeth to Lady Macbeth. This makes the audience like Macbeth more than his wife. When the two are compared it is always when she is being portrayed as an evil woman, like the witches, he seems to be much more naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and innocent. It is through such comparisons that Shakespeare is able to make his audience feel that Lady Macbeth takes advantage of her husband’s weaker points, and that he is blind to this. We feel sympathetic towards him because he doesn’t know what is happening to him. The power that Macbeth receives when he is crowned seems to unleash him from Lady Macbeth’s powers. He plans the murders of Banquo and his son Fleance without Lady Macbeth’s knowledge or consent. He pretends that all is normal and hides behind a mask of normality. He ironically tells Banquo, ‘fail not our feast’ even though he knows that he will be dead before it. He tells Lady Macbeth to ‘be innocent of the knowledge.’ He is trying to protect her and also show her that he can be evil with out her help. It seems like some of Lady Macbeth’s devious, calculating side is coming out in Macbeth. Shakespeare is using Macbeth’s role reversal here to make the audience start to respect him as he is taking his rightful place as the more dominant partner in their relationship. It is now him who is giving the orders to her, and not the other way round as we have previously seen, â€Å"And so I pray be you.† And â€Å"So prithee go with me.† Although these are orders and directions, he gives them in such a way that the audience see that he is kinder and more caring than his wife. This dominance seems short-lived, in what has become known as the water shed or turning point at the play. After Banquo has been killed Macbeth sees the ghost of Banquo at his banquet Shakespeare uses the fact that only Macbeth can see Banquo to heighten tension and suspense in the scene. ‘Never shake thy gory locks at me!’ the rest of the banqueters are worried about Macbeth, ‘Gentlemen, rise, his highness is not well.’ And do not wish to see him in a weakened state. Lady Macbeth however, tries to cover up for him, ‘sit worthy friends. My lord is often thus,’ So again, Lady Macbeth is more dominant and has to take control of the situation Macbeth has created in his fits. The ghost leaves, but then enters again to the horror of Macbeth. This re-entrance of Banquo creates tension in this scene as he instils yet more fear and anger in Macbeth. ‘Avaunt and quit my sight!’ Macbeth remains angry and confused after the ghost leaves. ‘Blood will have blood.’ Lady Macbeth shows a more caring motherly side as she tries to calm him, ‘You lack the season of all natures, sleep.’ However, by saying this, she is ironically reminding him that believes that he has â€Å"murdered sleep.† Macbeth goes to see the witches again, this shows that he is a slave to them, and craves their input. They take control from Lady Macbeth and she becomes the delusional one. The witches play a trick on him and predict his future, saying that ‘none of woman born shall harm Macbeth.’ They also say, ‘Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to Dunsinain hill shall come against him.’ This makes Macbeth feel immortal and he becomes more willing to obey the weà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rd sisters. The new confidence they have given him when they told him his future has given him the self-belief that he is invincible. There has been building hatred towards Macbeth among the Thanes and lords; Lennox and an unnamed lord talk about the tyranny of Macbeth and his murderous ways. ‘That had he Duncan’s sons under his key- As, an’t please heaven, he shall not.’ They both refer to him as, ‘tyrant’ this shows how they no longer hold respect for him as bold warrior and king. ‘Macduff is gone to pray the holy king upon his aid.’ Macduff is the first of many Thanes to escape to England to help them overthrow Macbeth. We have a sense here that Shakespeare is using Macduff to contrast with Macbeth it is like he is the good where Macbeth is the evil. Macduff says, â€Å"Not in the legions of horrid hell can come a devil more damned in evils to top Macbeth.† This shows how the rest of Scotland may be feeling about Macbeth’s tyranny. When Lennox tells Macbeth this news, he greets it with anger and disgust, he reacts by sending murderers to Macduff’s castle to ‘give to th’ edge o’th’sword his wife, his babes and all unfortunate souls.’ At this point the audience may still feel sympathy for Macbeth even though he is acting like a ‘butcher’ it would seem easy to place the blame on the witches, as it is them who are ultimately controlling him, giving the self-assurance that makes him feel like he can do as he pleases without consequence. When news of the ‘slaughter’ reaches England the rebels feel even more hatred to Macbeth. As Macbeth has grown stronger, Lady Macbeth has weakened and becomes ill. It is as though he draws his new strength from her, as though they are one person. Lady Macbeth is now more delusional than Macbeth ever was, ‘All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.’ This relates to an earlier scene in the play where Lady Macbeth used the blood on her hand to taunt Macbeth, but now it is he who is coping better with the guilt of murder. The Macbeths have grown apart, and so when, in her madness she kills herself, all Macbeth can say is, ‘she should have died hereafter.’ Here the audience would think that Macbeth was becoming heartless and uncompassionate. But subsequently he shows that he knows that he has lost all that he had. He prepares to go out to fight Macduff, and admits his deepest thoughts to his servant, ‘Seyton I am sick at heart.’ This line shows an underlying theme of sickness in the play, for Lady Macbeth has died of a sickness of the mind, and it seems now that Macbeth will die of a sickness of the heart, he has given up hope on life and is willing to enter into his consequences, be it heaven or hell. Also, ‘As honour, love, obedience, troops of friends, I must not look to have, but in their stead, curses.’ These lines evoke a great sorrow in the hearts of the audience, as they see how underneath it all he is as human as us all and he is hurt that he has lost everything. This shows the audience how he is reformed, but it is all too late, they would feel really very sorry for him at this point, and admire his bravery to stand up and stare imminent death in the face, ‘cheer me ever or disseat me now.’ Shakespeare uses a soliloquy of Macbeth’s to voice the morals of the play in just one simple sentence. ‘Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more; it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.’ This is Shakespeare’s view on life, that it is meaningless, especially when you let others control you, and don’t live for you. Shakespeare is perhaps showing how he doesn’t respect or admire the character of Macbeth but that he sympathises and pities him. When Macbeth realises there is nothing left for him, and he only has himself to blame there is something to admire in his character. The fact that he acknowledges his inevitable death, but doesn’t try to justify his actions shows the audience that underneath it all there always was an admirable person, it wasn’t until his wife died that this side of him came out. Maybe this is because Lady Macbeth had a strong hold over him and he could only break free and show his true self when she had gone for good. Overall the audience only really admire him at the end of the play when his last soliloquy shows that he is a truly brave individual, â€Å"cheer me ever or disseat me now.† This shows that in his impending death he still wanted to go out fighting like the man he used to be, rather than take his own life, as his wife does. It is this final comparison between the two that we can finally see his brave side. Laura Barnes MACBETH ESSAY: Is there anything to admire in the character of Macbeth? And how does Shakespeare influence our thoughts and feelings towards him as the audience?